Since 2021, GFS is running at very high horizontal resolution, so we need to treat the GAVA, LTHAD, LAD, and LDIA terms of the approximate P-S Development Equation differently than we would for GFS thinned case studies before 2021. [1] for case studies before 2021, refer to this web page http://www.atms.unca.edu/dmiller/atms410/fnlpro_garpfuncs2020.txt for the proper way to handle the GAVA, LTHAD, LAD and LDIA terms. ------------------------- [2] for newer case studies (2021 to present)... *** Do NOT smooth geopotential height contours (no "sm9s( )" operators around HGHT) *** Geostrophic Relative Vorticity (GRV)... [SF = scale factor] sm9s(sm9s( VOR(GEO) )), SF=5 700 hPa vertical velocity (this is NOT omega, but w [m s^-1]), related to LDIA... sm9s(sm9s( VVEL@700%PRES )), SF=2 Geostrophic Absolute Vorticity (GAV)... sm9s( sm9s( AVOR (GEO) )), SF=5 horizontal divergence (needed at the 300 hPa level)... sm9s( sm9s( DIV(OBS) )), SF=5 Geostrophic Absolute Vorticity Advection (GAVA, needed at the 500 and 300 hPa levels)... sm9s( sm9s( ADV ( AVOR (GEO), GEO ) )), SF=9 horizontal temperature advection (needed at the 300 hPa level)... sm9s( sm9s( ADV ( TMPK, WND ) )), SF=3 nearly LTHAD (nLTHAD)... sm9s( sm9s( LAP( ADV (SUB(HGHT@500%PRES,HGHT@1000%PRES), GEO@1000%PRES )) )), SF=13 nearly LAD (nLAD)... sm9s( sm9s( LAP( MUL( VVEL@700%PRES, MUL(DDEN(PRES,TMPC), -1.))) )), SF=13